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A boiling chip, boiling stone, or porous bit anti-bumping granule is a tiny, unevenly shaped piece of substance added to liquids to make them boil more calmly. Boiling chips are frequently employed in distillation and heating. When a liquid becomes superheated, a speck of dust or a stirring rod can cause violent flash boiling.
A simple short path vacuum distillation apparatus can be used for bulb-to-bulb distillation. 1: Still pot with stirrer bar/anti-bumping granules 2: Cold finger - Condenser with maximum surface to condense most of the vapour. 3: Cooling water outlet 4: cooling water inlet 5: Vacuum Adapter 6: Receiving Flask.
Short-path vacuum distillation apparatus with vertical condenser (cold finger), to minimize the distillation path; 1: Still pot with stirrer bar/anti-bumping granules 2: Cold finger – bent to direct condensate 3: Cooling water out 4: cooling water in 5: Vacuum/gas inlet 6: Distillate flask/distillate.
A Dean–Stark apparatus is used in azeotropic drying or dehydration processes: 1 stirrer bar/anti-bumping granules, 2 still pot, 3 fractionating column, 4 thermometer/boiling point temperature, 5 condenser, 6 cooling water in, 7 cooling water out, 8 burette, 9 tap, 10 collection vessel
The apparatus shown in the diagram represents a batch distillation as opposed to a continuous distillation. The liquid feed mixture to be distilled is placed into the round-bottomed flask along with a few anti-bumping granules, and the fractionating column is fitted into the top. As the mixture is heated and boils, vapor rises up the column.
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Stirrer bar/anti-bumping granules; Still pot; ... These techniques are known as azeotropic distillation. Some techniques achieve this by "jumping" over the azeotropic ...