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Mudfish have the ability to aestivate during droughts, seeking out moist areas under logs and vegetation so they do not dry out. While emersed (out of the water), they respire through cutaneous respiration , either through their skin, or by taking mouthfuls of air.
The waikaka or black mudfish (Neochanna diversus) is a fish of the family Galaxiidae, [1] found only in swamps and wetlands in the northern half of the North Island of New Zealand, from Kaitaia in the north to the Mōkau River in the south.
The bowfin (Amia calva) is a ray-finned fish native to North America. Common names include mudfish, mud pike, dogfish, grindle, grinnel, swamp trout, and choupique.It is regarded as a relict, being one of only two surviving species of the Halecomorphi, a group of fish that first appeared during the Early Triassic, around 250 million years ago.
If the water dries out over summer, it is able to aestivate in damp areas, such as under logs and in root holes, until the water returns. [2] In 2014, the New Zealand Department of Conservation classified the brown mudfish as "At Risk: Declining" with qualifier "C(1/1) >100,000 mature individuals, predicted decline 10–70%". [3]
Tasmanian mudfish are smaller than other species comprising the whitebait fishery, generally only 30 to 40 mm at this age. The juvenile fish migrate upstream to their usual habitat. Nocturnal in habit and secretive in nature, the fish usually rest during daylight in heavy vegetation or half buried in the muddy substrate.
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The holes were very smooth inside, and could hold water for a long time if the entrance was carefully closed from the inside". [5] Under experimental conditions, Canterbury mudfish have survived for 85 days out of water, with a 40% death rate over this period. [9] As their wetland habitat dries out, the water may become stagnant and low in oxygen.
Clarias anguillaris is a species of African airbreathing catfish also known as the mudfish. This species is of minor importance in commercial fisheries . It grows to a length of 100 cm (39.4 inches) TL .