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Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is an integral membrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons. It functions as a cell surface receptor [ 5 ] and has been implicated as a regulator of synapse formation , [ 6 ] neural plasticity , [ 7 ] antimicrobial activity, [ 8 ] and iron export . [ 9 ]
Processing of the amyloid-beta precursor protein. Secretases are enzymes that "snip" pieces off a longer protein that is embedded in the cell membrane.. Among other roles in the cell, secretases act on the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) to cleave the protein into three fragments.
Amyloid beta (Aβ, Abeta or beta-amyloid) denotes peptides of 36–43 amino acids that are the main component of the amyloid plaques found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease. [2] The peptides derive from the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP), which is cleaved by beta secretase and gamma secretase to yield Aβ in a cholesterol ...
A main theory behind the cause of Alzheimer’s disease is the build-up of the protein amyloid-beta in the brain. ... “The processing of amyloid precursor protein into both soluble and non ...
Processing of the amyloid precursor protein. BACE1 is the major beta secretase for the generation of amyloid-β peptides in the neurons. [9]Generation of the 40 or 42 amino acid-long amyloid-β peptides that aggregate in the brain of Alzheimer's patients requires two sequential cleavages of the amyloid precursor protein (APP).
Presenilin-1 (PS-1) is a presenilin protein that in humans is encoded by the PSEN1 gene. [5] Presenilin-1 is one of the four core proteins in the gamma secretase complex, which is considered to play an important role in generation of amyloid beta (Aβ) from amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP).
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Fe65 protein family. It is an adaptor protein localized in the nucleus. It interacts with the Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein (APP), transcription factor CP2/LSF/LBP1 and the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein.
Amyloid beta is a short peptide that is an abnormal proteolytic byproduct of the transmembrane protein amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP), whose function is unclear but thought to be involved in neuronal development. [2] The presenilins are components of proteolytic complex involved in APP processing and degradation. [3] [4]
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