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Tizanidine, sold under the brand name Zanaflex among others, is an alpha-2 (α 2) adrenergic receptor agonist, [2] similar to clonidine, that is used to treat muscle spasticity due to spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and spastic cerebral palsy. [3] Effectiveness appears similar to baclofen or diazepam. [4] It is taken by mouth. [5]
Tizanidine was found to decrease the average frequency of headaches per week, the headache intensity, and the mean headache duration. [15] Through studies, Fluoxetine resulted in better mood ratings and "significant increases in headache-free days". [16]
Other skeletal muscle relaxants of that type used around the world come from a number of drug categories and other drugs used primarily for this indication include orphenadrine (anticholinergic), chlorzoxazone, tizanidine (clonidine relative), diazepam, tetrazepam and other benzodiazepines, mephenoxalone, methocarbamol, dantrolene, baclofen. [7]
ATC code M03 Muscle relaxants is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.
The company licensed tizanidine (Zanaflex) from Élan in the early 2000s to help meeting cash flow goals. [2] Acorda sells both capsule and tablet forms of this drug, with emphasis on the capsule form as this has patent protection through 2021, while the tablet form has many generic competitors.
Depakote (valproic acid/sodium valproate) – an antiepileptic and mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar disorder, neuropathic pain and others; sometimes called an antimanic medication.
Baclofen [65] or tizanidine are sometimes used as an alternative to benzodiazepines. Tizanidine has been found to have superior tolerability compared to diazepam and baclofen. [66] Benzodiazepines are also used to treat the acute panic caused by hallucinogen intoxication. [67]
Side effects of thiocolchicoside can include nausea, allergy and vasovagal reactions. [15] Liver injury, pancreatitis, seizures, blood cell disorders, severe cutaneous disorders, rhabdomyolysis, and reproductive disorders have all been recorded in the French and European pharmacovigilance databases and in the periodic updates that the companies concerned submit to regulatory agencies.