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Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, Hashimoto's disease and autoimmune thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland is gradually destroyed. [7] [1] Early on, symptoms may not be noticed. [3] Over time, the thyroid may enlarge, forming a painless goiter. [3]
Many women with Hashimoto's disease develop an underactive thyroid. They may have mild or no symptoms at first, but symptoms tend to worsen over time. If a woman is pregnant and has symptoms of Hashimoto's disease, the clinician will do an exam and order one or more tests. [1] [2] [3] The thyroid is a small gland in the front of the neck.
Hashitoxicosis, which can be abbreviated "Htx", [1] is a transient hyperthyroidism caused by inflammation associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis disturbing the thyroid follicles, resulting in excess release of thyroid hormone. [2
Most frequent are symptoms due to conjunctival or corneal irritation: burning, photophobia, tearing, pain, and a gritty or sandy sensation. [4] Protruding eyeballs (known as proptosis and exophthalmos). Diplopia (double vision) is common. [4] Limitation of eye movement (due to impairment of eye muscle function).
Those with autoimmune atrophic gastritis (Type A gastritis) are statistically more likely to develop gastric carcinoma (a form of stomach cancer), Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and achlorhydria. Type A gastritis primarily affects the fundus (body) of the stomach and is more common with pernicious anemia. [1]
The onset of symptoms tends to be fairly gradual and to occur over 1-12 years. [citation needed] Symptoms of Hashimoto's encephalopathy may include: [citation needed] Personality changes; Aggression; Delusional behavior; Concentration and memory problems; Coma; Disorientation; Headaches; Jerks in the muscles (myoclonus – 65% of cases)
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Myxedema (British English: myxoedema) is a term used synonymously with severe hypothyroidism.However, the term is also used to describe a dermatological change that can occur in hypothyroidism and (rare) paradoxical cases of hyperthyroidism.