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Strategic management is not static in nature; the models can include a feedback loop to monitor execution and to inform the next round of planning. [7] [8] [9] Michael Porter identifies three principles underlying strategy: [10] creating a "unique and valuable [market] position" making trade-offs by choosing "what not to do"
2011 video explaining the strategic plan of the Wikimedia Foundation Wikimedia Movement Strategic Plan (PDF) A variety of analytical tools and techniques are used in strategic planning. [1] These were developed by companies and management consulting firms to help provide a framework for strategic planning. Such tools include:
Porter's four corners model is a predictive tool designed by Michael Porter that helps in determining a competitor's course of action. Unlike other predictive models which predominantly rely on a firm's current strategy and capabilities to determine future strategy, Porter's model additionally calls for an understanding of what motivates the competitor.
The business model canvas is a strategic management template used for developing new business models and documenting existing ones. [2] [3] It offers a visual chart with elements describing a firm's or product's value proposition, [4] infrastructure, customers, and finances, [1] assisting businesses to align their activities by illustrating potential trade-offs.
Strategic thinking is a mental or thinking process applied by individuals and within organizations in the context of achieving a goal or set of goals.. When applied in an organizational strategic management process, strategic thinking involves the generation and application of unique business insights and opportunities intended to create competitive advantage for a firm or organization.
Miles and Snow identify three types of competitive strategies, those adopted by defender, analyzer and prospector types of organization, and a fourth, non-strategic type of organization, whose competitive behaviour is reactive to the perceived environmental conditions within which it operates. [2]
Results-based management (RBM) is a tool for monitoring and managing the implementation of strategy. [1] It in many respects is similar to the logical framework approach , a strategy implementation tool used extensively by Non-governmental organizations .
The initial concept behind strategic planning software was the product of two different trends. First, in the 1980s, the increasing availability of personal computers lowered the barriers to software development and made computers increasingly available to more managers. But it's worth remembering that even in 1987, selling strategic planning software often required selling a manager a ...