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The siege of Mecca in September–November 683 was one of the early battles of the Second Fitna.The city of Mecca was a sanctuary for Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, who was among the most prominent challengers to the dynastic succession to the Caliphate by the Umayyad Yazid I.
Ibn al-Zubayr took control of Mecca in September 683 and allied with Ibn Hanzala in opposition to Yazid. [10] [14] [15] The leaders of the Medinan opposition dismissed counsel from Yazid's messengers and friends in Damascus to avoid rebellion as attempts to undermine the unity of the Medinans.
Having forced the rebels to renew their allegiance, Yazid's army headed for Mecca to subdue Ibn al-Zubayr. [26] [27] Ibn Uqba died on the way and command passed to Husayn ibn Numayr, who besieged Mecca in September 683. The siege lasted for several weeks, during which the Ka'aba caught fire. Yazid's sudden death in November ended the campaign.
Although Husayn and the people of Medina were defeated at the Battle of Karbala in October 680 and the Battle of al-Harrah in August 683, Ibn al-Zubayr continued his opposition to Yazid from the sanctuary of Mecca, the Islamic holy city. Yazid's forces besieged Mecca in September 683 and bombarded the city with catapults. [5]
September–November – Siege of Mecca: The Umayyad army led by Husayn ibn Numayr al-Sakuni besieges Mecca, during which the Kaaba ("Sacred House") catches fire and is burned down. November 14 – Caliph Yazid I dies at Damascus, after a 3-year reign marked by civil war. He is succeeded by his son Muawiya II as ruler of the Umayyad Caliphate.
The Ansar were routed at the Battle of al-Harra in the summer of 683, and Ibn Hanzala was slain. [17] [20] The army continued toward Mecca, but Ibn Uqba died en route and command passed to his deputy Husayn ibn Numayr al-Sakuni. [20] The latter besieged the city on 24 September after Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr refused to surrender.
11 December: Liberation of Mecca. 683 / 63-64 H - Siege of Mecca (683); Kaaba burnt. [5] ... September: Mecca crane collapse. See also. Mecca history;
Siege of Mecca may refer to: the Siege of Mecca (683) by the Umayyads; the Siege of Mecca (692) by the Umayyads; the Siege of Mecca (865) by the Qaramatins; the Grand Mosque Seizure by Islamists in 1979 The Siege of Mecca by Yaroslav Trofimov, a nonfiction book concerning these events