Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
GalT encodes for the protein galactosyltransferase which catalyzes the transfer of a galactose sugar to an acceptor, forming a glycosidic bond. [5] GalK encodes for a kinase that phosphorylates α-D-galactose to galactose 1-phosphate. [6] Lastly, galM catalyzes the conversion of β-D-galactose to α-D-galactose as the first step in galactose ...
Galectin-9 has three different isoforms which differ in the length of the linker region. [4] The galectin carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) is constructed from beta-sheet of about 135 amino acids. The two sheets are slightly bent with 6 strands forming the concave side and 5 strands forming the convex side.
Galactose (/ ɡ ə ˈ l æ k t oʊ s /, galacto-+ -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about 65% as sweet as sucrose. [2] It is an aldohexose and a C-4 epimer of glucose. [3] A galactose molecule linked with a glucose molecule forms a lactose molecule.
After separation from glucose, galactose travels to the liver for conversion to glucose. [12] Galactokinase uses one molecule of ATP to phosphorylate galactose. [2] The phosphorylated galactose is then converted to glucose-1-phosphate, and then eventually glucose-6-phosphate, which can be broken down in glycolysis. [2]
Galectin-9, through its cytoplasmic action in control of AMPK, [11] [12] may affect various health conditions impacted by AMPK, including metabolism, obesity, diabetes, cancer, immune responses, and may be a part of the mechanism of action of the widely-prescribed anti-diabetes drug metformin.
Galactosemia, a rare metabolic disorder characterized by decreased ability to metabolize galactose, can be caused by a mutation in any of the three enzymes in the Leloir pathway. [2] Galactokinase deficiency , also known as galactosemia type II, is a recessive metabolic disorder caused by a mutation in human galactokinase.
The Gal4 transcription factor is a positive regulator of gene expression of galactose-induced genes. [1] This protein represents a large fungal family of transcription factors, Gal4 family, which includes over 50 members in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae e.g. Oaf1, Pip2, Pdr1, Pdr3, Leu3.
Galactose-α-1,3-galactose, commonly known as alpha gal and the Galili antigen, is a carbohydrate found in most mammalian cell membranes. It is not found in catarrhines , [ 1 ] including humans, who have lost the glycoprotein alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase ( GGTA1 ) gene.