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Instruction set extensions that have been added to the x86 instruction set in order to support hardware virtualization.These extensions provide instructions for entering and leaving a virtualized execution context and for loading virtual-machine control structures (VMCSs), which hold the state of the guest and host, along with fields which control processor behavior within the virtual machine.
Version 1 of the Desktop Management BIOS (DMIBIOS) specification was produced by Phoenix Technologies in or before 1996. [5] [6] Version 2.0 of the Desktop Management BIOS specification was released on March 6, 1996 by American Megatrends (AMI), Award Software, Dell, Intel, Phoenix Technologies, and SystemSoft Corporation. It introduced 16-bit ...
With some motherboards, users must enable Intel's VT-x feature in the BIOS setup before applications can make use of it. [23] Intel started to include Extended Page Tables (EPT), [24] a technology for page-table virtualization, [25] since the Nehalem architecture, [26] [27] released in 2008.
In computing, BIOS (/ ˈ b aɪ ɒ s,-oʊ s /, BY-oss, -ohss; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). [1]
Below is the full 8086/8088 instruction set of Intel (81 instructions total). [2] These instructions are also available in 32-bit mode, in which they operate on 32-bit registers (eax, ebx, etc.) and values instead of their 16-bit (ax, bx, etc.) counterparts.
An option ROM for the PC platform (i.e. the IBM PC and derived successor computer systems) is a piece of firmware that resides in ROM on an expansion card (or stored along with the main system BIOS), which gets executed to initialize the device and (optionally) add support for the device to the BIOS.
An alternate software system which usually resides in the computer's firmware, or a hardware-assisted debugger, is then executed with high privileges. It was first released with the Intel 386SL . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] While initially special SL versions were required for SMM, Intel incorporated SMM in its mainline 486 and Pentium processors in 1993.
VirtualBox supports both Intel's VT-x and AMD's AMD-V hardware-assisted virtualization. Making use of these facilities, VirtualBox can run each guest VM in its own separate address-space; the guest OS ring 0 code runs on the host at ring 0 in VMX non-root mode rather than in ring 1.