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Placard outside a shop in Bordeaux advertising subtraction of 20% from the price of the second perfume purchased. Subtraction (which is signified by the minus sign −) is one of the four arithmetic operations along with addition, multiplication and division. Subtraction is an operation that represents removal of objects from a collection. [1]
The symbol ÷ is used to denote subtraction in Scandinavia. [26] The hyphen-minus symbol (-) is the form of hyphen most commonly used in digital documents. On most keyboards, it is the only character that resembles a minus sign or a dash so it is also used for these. [27]
This form of the obelus was also occasionally used as a mathematical symbol for subtraction in Northern Europe; such usage continued in some parts of Europe (including Norway and, until fairly recently, Denmark). [20] In Italy, Poland and Russia, this notation is sometimes used in engineering to denote a range of values. [21]
A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. As formulas are entirely constituted with symbols of various types, many symbols are needed for ...
The symbol of subtraction is . [47] Examples are 14 − 8 = 6 {\displaystyle 14-8=6} and 45 − 1.7 = 43.3 {\displaystyle 45-1.7=43.3} . Subtraction is often treated as a special case of addition: instead of subtracting a positive number, it is also possible to add a negative number.
The symbols for elementary-level math operations. From top-left going clockwise: addition, division, multiplication, and subtraction. Elementary arithmetic is a branch of mathematics involving addition , subtraction , multiplication , and division .
He represented mathematical symbols using characters from the Arabic alphabet. [44] Early use of the plus and minus signs in print, by Widmann (1489) The 14th century saw the development of new mathematical concepts to investigate a wide range of problems. [46] The two most widely used arithmetic symbols are addition and subtraction, + and −.
The following table lists many specialized symbols commonly used in modern mathematics, ordered by their introduction date. The table can also be ordered alphabetically by clicking on the relevant header title.