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Cannabis plants, like many others, biochemically synthesize terpenes with intense aromas as a method of chemical defense in attempts to repel predators, and invite pollinators. Because terpenes and terpenoids are biologically active molecules, it is possible variations in terpenes may elicit different biological and psychoactive responses in ...
Both hops and cannabis contain terpenes and terpenoids; tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a terpenoid. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Hops lack the enzyme that could convert cannabigerolic acid into THC or CBD, [ 5 ] but it could be inserted using genetic engineering as was done in 2019 for yeast.
A dried cannabis flower. The short-term effects of cannabis are caused by many chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 [clarification needed] different cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and 120 terpenes, [1] which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.
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Tea (Camellia sinensis) catechins have an affinity for human cannabinoid receptors. [43] A widespread dietary terpene, beta-caryophyllene, a component from the essential oil of cannabis and other medicinal plants, has also been identified as a selective agonist of peripheral CB 2-receptors, in vivo. [44] Black truffles contain anandamide. [45]
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The phrase entourage effect was introduced in 1999. [9] [10] While originally identified as a novel method of endocannabinoid regulation by which multiple endogenous chemical species display a cooperative effect in eliciting a cellular response, the term has evolved to describe the polypharmacy effects of combined cannabis phytochemicals or whole plant extracts. [11]
Cannabinoids (/ k ə ˈ n æ b ə n ɔɪ d z ˌ ˈ k æ n ə b ə n ɔɪ d z /) are compounds found in the cannabis plant or synthetic compounds that can interact with the endocannabinoid system. [1] [2] The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (Delta-9-THC), the primary intoxicating compound in cannabis.