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The boiling point elevation happens both when the solute is an electrolyte, such as various salts, and a nonelectrolyte. In thermodynamic terms, the origin of the boiling point elevation is entropic and can be explained in terms of the vapor pressure or chemical potential of the solvent. In both cases, the explanation depends on the fact that ...
This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
Beverages like colas account for three-quarters of the demand for caramel coloring. [citation needed]Caramel color or caramel coloring is a water-soluble food coloring.It is made by heat treatment of carbohydrates (sugars), in general in the presence of acids, alkalis, or salts, in a process called caramelization.
A given pure compound has only one normal boiling point, if any, and a compound's normal boiling point and melting point can serve as characteristic physical properties for that compound, listed in reference books. The higher a compound's normal boiling point, the less volatile that compound is overall, and conversely, the lower a compound's ...
A variety of food colorings, added to beakers of water. Food coloring, color additive or colorant is any dye, pigment, or substance that imparts color when it is added to food or beverages. Colorants can be supplied as liquids, powders, gels, or pastes. Food coloring is commonly used in commercial products and in domestic cooking.
In physical and analytical chemistry, colorimetry or colourimetry is a technique used to determine the concentration of colored compounds in solution. [1] A colorimeter is a device used to test the magnitude of a solution by measuring its absorbance of a specific wavelength of light (not to be confused with the tristimulus colorimeter used to ...
Azo dyes are organic compounds bearing the functional group R−N=N−R′, in which R and R′ are usually aryl and substituted aryl groups. They are a commercially important family of azo compounds, i.e. compounds containing the C−N=N−C linkage. [1] Azo dyes are synthetic dyes and do not occur naturally.
This is a list of the various reported boiling points for the elements, with recommended values to be used elsewhere on Wikipedia. For broader coverage of this topic, see Boiling point . Boiling points, Master List format