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A stimulant is an overarching term that covers many drugs including those that increase the activity of the central nervous system and the body, [5] drugs that are pleasurable and invigorating, or drugs that have sympathomimetic effects. [6]
Stimulants increase activity, or arousal, of the central nervous system. They can enhance alertness, attention, cognition, mood and physical performance. Some stimulants are used medicinally to treat individuals with ADHD and narcolepsy. Examples: amphetamines, caffeine, cocaine, nicotine
Methamphetamine [note 1] (contracted from N-methylamphetamine) is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is mainly used as a recreational or performance-enhancing drug and less commonly as a second-line treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). [24]
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical research using low doses of certain central nervous system stimulants found that these drugs may enhance cognition in healthy people. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] In particular, the classes of stimulants that demonstrate possible cognition-enhancing effects in humans have evidence in vitro as direct ...
Kratom has stimulant properties, making you feel more awake and alert, and it also has properties of opioids, Jamie Alan, associate professor of pharmacology and toxicology at Michigan State ...
What stimulant was combined with fentanyl changed based on where people lived, the study found. By 2021, nearly all fentanyl-plus-stimulant overdoses in the Northeast involved cocaine.
The stimulants are the first line of treatment for ADHD, with proven efficacy, but they do fail in up to 20% of cases, even in patients without tic disorders. [271] Current prescribed stimulant medications include: methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine, and mixed amphetamine salts . Other medications can be used when stimulants are not an option.
Stimulants are the third most used drugs among youths. About 285,000 teens reporting taking prescription stimulants like Adderall and Ritalin while the use of cocaine and meth shot up to 63,000 ...