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Satellite image of the 1999 Odisha cyclone making landfall on eastern India as one of the most intense tropical cyclones in North Indian Ocean. Super cyclonic storm is the highest category used by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) to classify tropical cyclones, within the North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone basin between the Malay Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula.
A Category 4 hurricane has winds of 113 to 136 kn (130 to 157 mph; 209 to 252 km/h), while a Category 5 hurricane has winds of at least 137 kn (158 mph; 254 km/h). [1] [3] A post tropical cyclone is a system that has weakened, into a remnant low or has dissipated and formal advisories are usually discontinued at this stage. [1]
India is a country in the north of Indian Ocean that is the most vulnerable to getting hit by tropical cyclones in the basin, from the east or from the west. On average, 2–3 tropical cyclones make landfall in India each year, with about one being a severe tropical cyclone or greater. [1]
The most intense storm in the North Atlantic by lowest pressure was Hurricane Wilma.The strongest storm by 1-minute sustained winds was Hurricane Allen.. Storms which reached a minimum central pressure of 920 millibars (27.17 inHg) or less are listed.
After it was named, Phailin rapidly intensified further, and became the equivalent of a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHWS) early on October 10. After bands of atmospheric convection had wrapped into the systems low level circulation center and formed an eye feature.
^α Although Luis produced the highest confirmed wave height for a tropical cyclone, it is possible that Hurricane Ivan produced a wave measuring 131 feet (40 m). [41]^β It is believed that reconnaissance aircraft overestimated wind speeds in tropical cyclones from the 1940s to the 1960s, and data from this time period is generally considered unreliable.
Category 5 is the highest category of the Saffir–Simpson scale. These storms cause complete roof failure on many residences and industrial buildings, and some complete building failures with small utility buildings blown over or away. The collapse of many wide-span roofs and walls, especially those with no interior supports, is common.
However, in 2019 eight cyclonic storms formed, becoming the record highest number of tropical cyclones in the sub-basin, which was tied with the 1902 season. [ 24 ] [ 25 ] Research has found that in recent decades the sea surface temperatures has risen up by 1.2–1.4 °C (2.2–2.5 °F) in the Arabian Sea. [ 25 ]