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chroot is an operation on Unix and Unix-like operating systems that changes the apparent root directory for the current running process and its children.A program that is run in such a modified environment cannot name (and therefore normally cannot access) files outside the designated directory tree.
Environment Modules on Scientific Linux, CentOS, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux distributions in the environment-modules package include modules.csh and modules.sh scripts for the /etc/profile.d directory that make modules initialization part of the default shell initialization. One of the advantages of Environment Modules is a single modulefile ...
The hosts file is one of several system facilities that assists in addressing network nodes in a computer network. It is a common part of an operating system's Internet Protocol (IP) implementation, and serves the function of translating human-friendly hostnames into numeric protocol addresses, called IP addresses, that identify and locate a host in an IP network.
When applied to a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) the host command will return information associated with that name such as its IP address and mail handling host. It can also be used to list all members of a domain. [2] The host command is also able to perform reverse IP lookups to find the FQDN associated with an IP address. [3]
For example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the Packages.gz files, so that information about new and updated packages is available. upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in /etc/apt/sources.list. Packages currently installed ...
Host-specific system-wide configuration files. There has been controversy over the meaning of the name itself. In early versions of the UNIX Implementation Document from Bell Labs, /etc is referred to as the etcetera directory , [ 4 ] as this directory historically held everything that did not belong elsewhere (however, the FHS restricts /etc ...
fstab (after file systems table) is a system file commonly found in the directory /etc on Unix and Unix-like computer systems. In Linux, it is part of the util-linux package. The fstab file typically lists all available disk partitions and other types of file systems and data sources that may not necessarily be disk-based, and indicates how they are to be initialized or otherwise integrated ...
In this example, /usr/bin/env is the full path of the env command. The environment is not altered. Note that it is possible to specify the interpreter without using env, by giving the full path of the python interpreter. A problem with that approach is that on different computer systems, the exact path may be different.