Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The respiratory quotient (RQ or respiratory coefficient) is a dimensionless number used in calculations of basal metabolic rate (BMR) when estimated from carbon dioxide production. It is calculated from the ratio of carbon dioxide produced by the body to oxygen consumed by the body, when the body is in a steady state.
The brainstem respiratory centers decrease alveolar ventilation (hypoventilation) to create a rise in arterial carbon dioxide (CO 2) tension, resulting in a decrease of plasma pH. [1] However, as there is limitation for decreasing respiration, respiratory compensation is less efficient at compensating for metabolic alkalosis than for acidosis.
Anaerobic cellular respiration and fermentation generate ATP in very different ways, and the terms should not be treated as synonyms. Cellular respiration (both aerobic and anaerobic) uses highly reduced chemical compounds such as NADH and FADH 2 (for example produced during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle) to establish an electrochemical gradient (often a proton gradient) across a membrane.
In physiology, respiration is the transport of oxygen from the outside environment to the cells within tissues, and the removal of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction to the environment by a respiratory system.
In metal carbon dioxide complexes, CO 2 serves as a ligand, which can facilitate the conversion of CO 2 to other chemicals. [25] The reduction of CO 2 to CO is ordinarily a difficult and slow reaction: CO 2 + 2 e − + 2 H + → CO + H 2 O. The redox potential for this reaction near pH 7 is about −0.53 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode.
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen (O 2) in order to create ATP.Although carbohydrates, fats and proteins are consumed as reactants, aerobic respiration is the preferred method of pyruvate production in glycolysis, and requires pyruvate be transported the mitochondria in order to be oxidized by the citric acid cycle.
The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2) rises in the blood when the metabolic use of oxygen (O 2), and the production of CO 2 is increased during, for example, exercise. The CO 2 in the blood is transported largely as bicarbonate (HCO 3 − ) ions, by conversion first to carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ), by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase , and then ...
k H CO 2 is a constant including the solubility of carbon dioxide in blood. k H CO 2 is approximately 0.03 (mmol/L)/mmHg; p CO 2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood; Combining these equations results in the following equation relating the pH of blood to the concentration of bicarbonate and the partial pressure of carbon ...