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A 2×2 table is constructed, displaying exposed cases (A), exposed controls (B), unexposed cases (C) and unexposed controls (D). The statistic generated to measure association is the odds ratio (OR), [ 52 ] which is the ratio of the odds of exposure in the cases (A/C) to the odds of exposure in the controls (B/D), i.e. OR = (AD/BC).
Vietnam experienced its largest outbreak beginning in April 2021, with over 1.2 million infections recorded by that November. [18] This led to two of its largest cities, Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi , and around a third of the country's population coming under some form of lockdown by late July. [ 19 ]