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In each pair, one rat became obese and exhibited hyperphagia. The weight of the rat with the surgical lesion rose rapidly for a few months, then reached a plateau as a direct result of the surgical procedure. After the procedure, the rat with the impaired hypothalamus ate voraciously while the paired rat's appetite decreased. The paired rat ...
Statistical tests are used to test the fit between a hypothesis and the data. [1] [2] Choosing the right statistical test is not a trivial task. [1]The choice of the test depends on many properties of the research question.
That applies in a within-subjects study design, i.e., in a study where the same set of subjects undergo both of the conditions being compared. Specific methods for carrying out paired difference tests include the paired-samples t-test, the paired Z-test, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test [1] and others.
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is a nonparametric test of nonindependent data from only two groups. The Skillings–Mack test is a general Friedman-type statistic that can be used in almost any block design with an arbitrary missing-data structure. The Wittkowski test is a general Friedman-Type statistics similar to Skillings-Mack test. When the ...
The study of memory incorporates research methodologies from neuropsychology, human development and animal testing using a wide range of species. The complex phenomenon of memory is explored by combining evidence from many areas of research. New technologies, experimental methods and animal experimentation have led to an increased understanding ...
The upper limit for the oxygen pathway is called the V o2max. V o2max is the maximal oxygen capacity that systems can take in, transport, and use oxygen. [ 3 ] [ 6 ] V o2max can vary among individuals due to allometric variation (the differences in body mass), adaptive variation (differences in lifestyles), and the induced variation (amount of ...
The McDonald–Kreitman test [1] is a statistical test often used by evolutionary and population biologists to detect and measure the amount of adaptive evolution within a species by determining whether adaptive evolution has occurred, and the proportion of substitutions that resulted from positive selection (also known as directional selection).
Work from one species, the large-eared horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus philippinensis), shows that abrupt changes in call frequency among sympatric morphs is correlated with reproductive isolation. [9] A further well-studied circumstance of sympatric speciation is when insects feed on more than one species of host plant.