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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. [1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks ( ichnites ), burrows , cast-off parts, fossilised feces ( coprolites ), palynomorphs and chemical residues .
Evidence from the study of brain endocasts of extant and extinct mammals, indicative of cortical expansion in the areas of the brain involved in producing cognitive functions that began early on during the primate evolution, is presented by Melchionna et al. (2025), who argue that selection for complex cognition likely drove the evolution of primate brains.
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images Bryophaenocladius zealandiae [6]. Sp. nov Valid Baranov in Baranov et al. . Oligocene (Chattian) Pomahaka Formation
Dinosaurs emerged in the southern portion of this landmass, known as Gondwana," said Joel Heath, a paleontology doctoral student at University College London and the Natural History Museum in ...
2025 in arthropod paleontology is a list of new arthropod fossil taxa, including arachnids, crustaceans, trilobites, and other arthropods (except insects, which have their own list) that were announced or described, as well as other significant arthropod paleontological discoveries and events which occurred in 2025.
Su et al. (2025) describe two new specimens of Glyphoderma kangi, providing new information on the anatomy of the studied placodont. [8]Marx et al. (2025) report evidence of preservation of skin traces, including smooth skin on the tail and scaly skin on the flippers, as well as evidence of preservation of melanosomes and keratinocytes in a plesiosaur specimen from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia ...
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Synonymized taxa Notes Images Palaeosinomenium indicum [13]. Sp. nov Kumar, Manchester & Khan Cretaceous-Paleocene (Maastrichtian-Danian)
This list of fossil fish research presented in 2025 is a list of new fossil taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, and other fishes that were described during the year, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleoichthyology that occurred in 2025.