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A thyroidectomy is an operation that involves the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. In general surgery, endocrine or head and neck surgeons often perform a thyroidectomy when a patient has thyroid cancer or some other condition of the thyroid gland (such as hyperthyroidism) or goiter. Other indications for surgery include ...
Endocrine surgery is a surgical sub-speciality focusing on surgery of the endocrine glands, including the thyroid gland, the parathyroid glands, the adrenal glands, glands of the endocrine pancreas, and some neuroendocrine glands.
Post-operative complications at high-volume thyroid surgery centers with experienced surgeons are comparable to that of hemithyroidectomy. Arguments for hemithyroidectomy: Most patients have low-risk cancer with an excellent prognosis, with similar survival outcomes in low-risk patients who undergo total thyroidectomy versus hemithyroidectomy.
Post-surgical radioactive iodine is recommended for those with high risk of cancer recurrence. Post-surgery radioactive iodine does not reduce recurrence in those with low risk thyroid cancer. [10] Patients with medullary, anaplastic, and most Hurthle-cell cancers do not benefit from this therapy. [14]
There is still a risk of hypothyroidism though, as the remaining thyroid tissue may not be able to produce enough hormones in the long-run. [citation needed] If the nodule is malignant or has indeterminate cytologic features, it may require surgery. [2] A thyroidectomy is a medium-risk surgery that can result in complications if not performed ...
A surgery for MTC showing the central lymph nodes and thyroid gland removed A total thyroidectomy with bilateral neck dissection is the gold standard for treating medullary thyroid cancer, and is the most definitive means of achieving a cure in patients without distant metastases or extensive nodal involvement.
Active Surveillance is indicated for low-risk thyroid microcarcinoma [13] 10 mm or smaller in maximum diameter. However, surgery is recommended as a high-risk thyroid microcarcinoma in the following cases. [1] [5] Presence of lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis (very rare). Invasion into the recurrent laryngeal nerve or the trachea.
Thyroid surgery Non-thyroid surgery Parturition: Struma ovarii: Molar pregnancy: Trauma (i.e. hip fracture) Burns Myocardial infarction: Pulmonary embolism: Stroke: Heart failure: Radioactive iodine treatment Medication side effect (anesthetics, salicylate, pseudoephedrine, amiodarone) Exposure to iodinated contrast: Withdrawal of antithyroid ...
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