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Biological patterns such as animal markings, the segmentation of animals, and phyllotaxis are formed in different ways. [2]In developmental biology, pattern formation describes the mechanism by which initially equivalent cells in a developing tissue in an embryo assume complex forms and functions. [3]
An embryo is the initial stage of development for a multicellular organism.In organisms that reproduce sexually, embryonic development is the part of the life cycle that begins just after fertilization of the female egg cell by the male sperm cell.
Evolutionary embryology is the expansion of comparative embryology by the ideas of Charles Darwin. Similarly to Karl Ernst von Baer 's principles that explained why many species often appear similar to one another in early developmental stages, Darwin argued that the relationship between groups can be determined based upon common embryonic and ...
Comparative vertebrate embryology. The embryonic disc becomes oval and then pear-shaped, the wider end being directed forward. Towards the narrow, posterior end, an opaque primitive streak , is formed and extends along the middle of the disc for about half of its length; at the anterior end of the streak there is a knob-like thickening termed ...
All the developmental processes listed above occur during metamorphosis. Examples that have been especially well studied include tail loss and other changes in the tadpole of the frog Xenopus, [32] [33] and the biology of the imaginal discs, which generate the adult body parts of the fly Drosophila melanogaster. [34] [35]
The theory of recapitulation, also called the biogenetic law or embryological parallelism—often expressed using Ernst Haeckel's phrase "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"—is a historical hypothesis that the development of the embryo of an animal, from fertilization to gestation or hatching (), goes through stages resembling or representing successive adult stages in the evolution of the ...
For example, German biologist and philosopher Ernst Haeckel proposed that all organisms went through a "re-run" of evolution he said that 'ontogeny repeats phylogeny' while in development. Haeckel believed that to become a mammal , an embryo had to begin as a single-celled organism, then evolve into a fish, then an amphibian, a reptile, and ...
Embryology is the subdivision of developmental biology that studies embryos and their development. Subcategories. This category has the following 17 subcategories ...