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[1] [2] Although generally associated with the fifth toe and big toe, it can occur in any toe. [1] [13] In such a fracture, the hard blow to the tip of the distal phalanx typically results in a transverse or oblique fracture in the proximal phalanx (base of toe), but can occur in any phalanx. [1] [13]
These fractures are sometimes called march fractures, based on their traditional association with military recruits after long marches. The second and third metatarsals are fixed while walking, thus these metatarsals are common sites of injury. The fifth metatarsal may be fractured if the foot is oversupinated during locomotion. [9]
A Jones fracture is a broken bone in a specific part of the fifth metatarsal of the foot between the base and middle part [8] that is known for its high rate of delayed healing or nonunion. [4] It results in pain near the midportion of the foot on the outside. [ 2 ]
It is more common in soldiers, but also occurs in hikers, organists, and other people whose duties entail much standing (such as hospital doctors). March fractures most commonly occur in the second and third metatarsal bones of the foot. [1] [2] [3] It is a common cause of foot pain, especially when people suddenly increase their activities. [4]
Proximal fractures of 5th metatarsal. The tuberosity avulsion fracture (also known as pseudo-Jones fracture or dancer's fracture [2] is a common fracture of the fifth metatarsal (the bone on the outside edge of the foot extending to the little toe). [3] This fracture is likely caused by the lateral band of the plantar aponeurosis (tendon). [4]
Distal swelling of the toe is considered to be a feature of the disease. In grade III lesions osteolysis is seen in the region of the proximal interphalangeal joint with a characteristic tapering effect. Dispersal of the head of the proximal phalanx is frequently seen. Finally, after autoamputation, the base of the proximal phalanx remains.
The only movements permitted in the joints of the digits are flexion and extension; these movements are more extensive between the first and second phalanges than between the second and third. The flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus flex the interphalangeal joint of the big toe and lateral four toes, respectively. The tendons of ...
Pott's fracture; Foot fracture. Lisfranc fracture – in which one or all of the metatarsals are displaced from the tarsus [19] Jones fracture – a fracture of the proximal end of the fifth metatarsal; March fracture – a fracture of the distal third of one of the metatarsals occurring because of recurrent stress