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distance per vehicle per unit fuel mass; e.g., km/kg. [11] distance per vehicle per unit energy; e.g., miles per gallon equivalent (mpg-e). Energy consumption (reciprocal efficiency) [3] is expressed terms of fuel consumption: [2] volume of fuel (or total energy) consumed per unit distance per vehicle; e.g. l/100 km or MJ/100 km.
The Clean Air Act of 1963 (CAA) was passed as an extension of the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955, encouraging the federal government via the United States Public Health Service under the then-Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) to encourage research and development towards reducing pollution and working with states to establish their own emission reduction programs.
Carbon pricing (or CO 2 pricing) is a method for governments to mitigate climate change, in which a monetary cost is applied to greenhouse gas emissions.This is done to encourage polluters to reduce fossil fuel combustion, the main driver of climate change.
On Dec. 29, the agency announced a bump in the optional standard mileage rate starting Jan. 1, 2023 — which will now be 65.5 cents per mile driven. Taxpayers can use the new rate to calculate ...
These charges can be either a flat fee (e.g., a fixed number of cents per mile, regardless of where or when the travel occurs) or a variable fee based on considerations such as time of travel, congestion levels on a facility, type of road, type and weight of the vehicle, vehicle emission levels, and ability to pay of the owner.
At that time, just 0.4 percent of vehicles sold in the Columbus region were battery electric vehicles or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Ohio’s government is helping its residents switch to ...
New vehicles sold in the U.S. will have to average about 38 miles per gallon of gasoline in 2031 in real-world driving, up from about 29 mpg this year, under new federal rules unveiled Friday by ...
Prices inflation adjusted to 2008 dollars. In 2002, a committee of the National Academy of Sciences wrote a report on the effects of the CAFE standard. [2] The report's conclusions include a finding that in the absence of CAFE, and with no other fuel economy regulation substituted, motor vehicle fuel consumption would have been approximately 14 percent higher than it actually was in 2002.