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Head of a male without tusks. The Sri Lankan elephant (Elephas maximus maximus) is native to Sri Lanka and one of three recognised subspecies of the Asian elephant.It is the type subspecies of the Asian elephant and was first described by Carl Linnaeus under the binomial Elephas maximus in 1758. [1]
The earliest Elephas species, Elephas ekorensis, is known from the Early Pliocene of East Africa, around 5–4.2 million years ago. [23] The oldest remains of the genus in Asia are known from the Siwalik Hills in the Indian subcontinent, dating to the late Pliocene, around 3.6-3.2 million years ago, assigned to the species Elephas planifrons ...
The Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) is one of three extant recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant. [3] Carl Linnaeus proposed the scientific name Elephas maximus in 1758 for an elephant from Ceylon. [4] Elephas indicus was proposed by Georges Cuvier in 1798, who described an elephant from India. [5]
The Syrian or Western Asiatic elephant (sometimes given the subspecies designation Elephas maximus asurus) was the westernmost population of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), which went extinct in ancient times, with early human civilizations in the area utilizing the animals for their ivory, and possibly for warfare. [2]
Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) The Asian elephant also known as the Asiatic elephant is the second largest elephant species native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. [11] Its back is convex and its ears are relatively small compared to African elephants. The trunk has one finger-like processing and contains over 60,000 muscles.
Elephas is a genus of elephants and one of two surviving genera in the family Elephantidae, comprising one extant species, the Asian elephant (E. maximus). [1] Several extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, extending back to the Pliocene or possibly the late Miocene .
The earliest members of the modern genera of Elephantidae appeared during the latest Miocene–early Pliocene around 5 million years ago. The elephantid genera Elephas (which includes the living Asian elephant) and Mammuthus (mammoths) migrated out of Africa during the late Pliocene, around 3.6 to 3.2 million years ago. [17]
The Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is one of three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant, and native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra.In 2011, IUCN upgraded the conservation status of the Sumatran elephant from endangered to critically endangered in its Red List as the population had declined by at least 80% during the past three generations, estimated to be about 75 ...