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(11) Diamond (4.5 pt, 1.5875 mm). Fonts originally consisted of a set of moveable type letterpunches purchased from a type foundry . As early as 1600, the sizes of these types—their "bodies" [ 1 ] —acquired traditional names in English, French, German, and Dutch, usually from their principal early uses. [ 2 ]
Originally in 1945, the divisions were based on the ring inside diameter in steps of 1 ⁄ 64 inch (0.40 mm). [6] However, in 1987 BSI updated the standard to the metric system so that one alphabetical size division equals 1.25 mm of circumferential length. For a baseline, ring size C has a circumference of 40 mm. [7]
Typically a round brilliant 1.0-carat (200 mg) diamond should have a diameter of about 6.5 mm (0.26 in). Mathematically, the diameter in millimeters of a round brilliant should approximately equal to 6.5 times the cube root of carat weight, or 11.1 times the cube root of gram weight, or 1.4 times the cube root of point weight.
The diamond size is ~ 2 mm. Pure diamonds, before and after irradiation and annealing. Clockwise from left bottom: 1) initial ( 2 mm × 2 mm ); 2–4) irradiated by different doses of 2 MeV electrons; 5–6) irradiated by different doses and annealed at 800 °C .
This method is mostly used for coatings, but can also produce single crystals several millimeters in size (see picture). [128] As of 2010, nearly all 5,000 million carats (1,000 tonnes) of synthetic diamonds produced per year are for industrial use. Around 50% of the 133 million carats of natural diamonds mined per year end up in industrial use.
However, 12 Fournier points turned out to be 11 Didot points, [11]: 142–145 giving a Fournier point of about 0.345 mm; later sources [12]: 60–61 state it as being 0.348 75 mm. To avoid confusion between the new and the old sizes, Didot also rejected the traditional names, thus parisienne became corps 5, nonpareille became corps 6, and so on.
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