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Pakistan, [e] officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, [f] is a country in South Asia. It is the fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, [g] having the second-largest Muslim population as of 2023. Islamabad is the nation's capital, while Karachi is its largest city and financial centre.
The national dress of Pakistan is the Persian origin shalwar kameez, a unisex garment widely-worn around South Asia, [58] [59] and national dress, [60] of Pakistan. When women wear the shalwar-kameez in some regions, they usually wear a long scarf or shawl called a dupatta around the head or neck. [ 61 ]
Khawaja Nazimuddin, Pakistan's second Prime Minister, argued against equal rights for all citizens in an Islamic state. [17] However, The Constitution of Pakistan establishes Islam as the state religion, [18] and provides that all citizens have the right to profess, practice and propagate their religion subject to law, public order, and morality. [19]
Gandhāra is the name of an ancient region located in present-day north-west Pakistan and parts of north-east Afghanistan. [5] [6] [7] The region centered around the Peshawar Valley and Swat river valley, though the cultural influence of "Greater Gandhara" extended across the Indus river to the Taxila region in Potohar Plateau and westwards into the Kabul Valley in Afghanistan, and northwards ...
By around 7000 BCE, early human settlements began to emerge in Pakistan, leading to the development of urban centres such as Mehrgarh, one of the oldest in human history. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] By 4500 BCE, the Indus Valley Civilization evolved, which flourished between 2500 BCE and 1900 BCE along the Indus River . [ 7 ]
Pakistan officially endorses Islam as a state religion. The overwhelming majority of Pakistanis identify as Muslims, and the country has the second-largest population of Muslims in the world after Indonesia. [50] [51] Other minority religious faiths include Hinduism, Christianity, Ahmadiyya, Sikhism, the Baháʼí Faith, Zoroastrianism, and ...
Growth in the number of religious madrassahs in Pakistan from 1988 to 2002 [81] The famed Data Durbar shrine of Sufi saint Ali Hujweiri in Lahore is known for devotees from over the world. According to the CIA World Factbook and Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies , 96–97% of the total population of Pakistan is Muslim.
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan became an inspiration for the Pakistan Movement.. Very few Muslim families had their children sent to English universities. On the other hand, the effects of the Bengali Renaissance made the Hindu population more educated and enabled them to gain lucrative positions at the Indian Civil Service; many ascended to the influential posts in the British government.