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A Mars aircraft is a vehicle capable of sustaining powered flight in the atmosphere of Mars. So far, the Mars helicopter Ingenuity is the only aircraft [ 2 ] [ 3 ] ever to fly on Mars , completing 72 successful flights covering 17.242 km (10.714 mi) in 2 hours, 8 minutes and 48 seconds of flight time. [ 4 ]
Ingenuity, nicknamed Ginny, is an autonomous NASA helicopter that operated on Mars from 2021 to 2024 as part of the Mars 2020 mission. Ingenuity made its first flight on 19 April 2021, demonstrating that flight is possible in the extremely thin atmosphere of Mars, and becoming the first aircraft to conduct a powered and controlled extra-terrestrial flight.
In the early 1970s, NASA engineer Dale Reed was investigating methods for sampling the atmosphere at very high altitudes, up to 21 kilometers (70,000 feet). NASA's studies into supersonic transport jets had led to questions about their possible impact on the upper atmosphere, and Reed designed a series of "Mini-Sniffer" drones to take air samples at high altitudes.
This is a list of spacecraft deployed from the International Space Station.The International Space Station deploys spacecraft using the JEM Small Satellite Orbital Deployer (J-SSOD), the Nanoracks CubeSat Deployer (NRCSD), Space Station Integrated Kinetic Launcher for Orbital Payload Systems (SSIKLOPS), or the Nauka MLM experiments airlock module.
The Aerial Regional-scale Environmental Survey (ARES) was a proposal by NASA's Langley Research Center to build a robotic, rocket-powered airplane that would fly one mile above the surface of Mars, [1] in order to investigate the atmosphere, surface, and sub-surface of the planet.
The rover also carried the mini-helicopter Ingenuity to Mars, an experimental technology testbed that made the first powered aircraft flight on another planet on April 19, 2021. [9] On January 18, 2024 (UTC), it made its 72nd and final flight , suffering damage on landing to its rotor blades, possibly all four, causing NASA to retire it.
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Airglow was designed with an all-flying rudder and elevator for yaw and pitch, plus rotating wing tips for lateral stability. The aircraft employs a simple fly-by-wire control system based on lightweight control servos more normally found on radio controlled model aircraft.