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Dystonia is a movement disorder that causes the muscles to contract. This can cause twisting motions or other movements that happen repeatedly and that aren't under the person's control. When the condition affects one part of the body, it's called focal dystonia.
To diagnose dystonia, your healthcare team starts with a medical history and physical exam. To look for conditions that may be causing your symptoms, you might need: Blood or urine tests.
Cervical dystonia, also called spasmodic torticollis, is a painful condition in which your neck muscles contract involuntarily, causing your head to twist or turn to one side. Cervical dystonia can also cause your head to uncontrollably tilt forward or backward.
There are many types of movement disorders that cause different symptoms. For example, dystonia causes muscle contractions that lead to twisting of the body. Another movement disorder called chorea causes brief periods of quick involuntary movements that happen over and over.
This rare movement disorder causes neck muscles to contract involuntarily. This can make your head twist or turn into often painful positions.
At Mayo Clinic, you'll have access to the latest in diagnosis and treatment of dystonia. Mayo Clinic care is tailored to your specific needs. Treatment for dystonia depends on the type of dystonia you have and its severity.
Huntington's disease is caused by a difference in a single gene that's passed down from a parent. Huntington's disease follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. This means that a person needs only one copy of the nontypical gene to develop the disorder.
Mayo Clinic researchers have a distinguished history in researching dystonia and other movement disorders. Mayo Clinic neurologists have identified genes that cause dystonia, characterized dystonia in previously overlooked muscles and evaluated the effectiveness of botulinum toxin treatment.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (a-my-o-TROE-fik LAT-ur-ul skluh-ROE-sis), known as ALS, is a nervous system disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. ALS causes loss of muscle control. The disease gets worse over time.
Muscular dystrophy is a group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass. In muscular dystrophy, abnormal genes (mutations) interfere with the production of proteins needed to form healthy muscle.