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  2. Aristotelian ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelian_ethics

    Concerning warfare, Aristotle believes soldiers are morally significant and are military and political heroes. War is simply a stage for soldiers to display courage, and is the only way courage can be exemplified. Any other action by a human is simply the copying a soldier's ways; they are not actually courageous.

  3. Potentiality and actuality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiality_and_actuality

    Sachs (2005), amongst other authors (such as Aryeh Kosman and Ursula Coope), proposes that the solution to problems interpreting Aristotle's definition must be found in the distinction Aristotle makes between two different types of potentiality, with only one of those corresponding to the "potentiality as such" appearing in the definition of ...

  4. Aristotle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle

    Aristotle believed that although communal arrangements may seem beneficial to society, and that although private property is often blamed for social strife, such evils in fact come from human nature. In Politics, Aristotle offers one of the earliest accounts of the origin of money. [146]

  5. Golden mean (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_mean_(philosophy)

    In the Eudemian Ethics, Aristotle writes on the virtues. Aristotle’s theory on virtue ethics is one that does not see a person’s actions as a reflection of their ethics but rather looks into the character of a person as the reason behind their ethics. His constant phrase is, "… is the Middle state between …".

  6. Four causes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_causes

    According to Aristotle, a seed has the eventual adult plant as its end (i.e., as its telos) if and only if the seed would become the adult plant under normal circumstances. [25] In Physics II.9, Aristotle hazards a few arguments that a determination of the end (i.e., final cause) of a phenomenon is more important than the others. He argues that ...

  7. Hylomorphism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hylomorphism

    Contemporary Aristotelians tend to stress exercising freedom and acting wisely as the best way to live. Yet, Aristotle argued that the best type of happiness is virtuously contemplating God and the second best is acting in accord with moral virtue. Either way, for Aristotle the best human life is a life lived rationally. [57]

  8. Law of noncontradiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_noncontradiction

    Psychological: "No one can believe that the same thing can (at the same time) be and not be." (1005b23–24) [16] Logical (aka the medieval Lex Contradictoriarum): [17] "The most certain of all basic principles is that contradictory propositions are not true simultaneously." (1011b13-14) Aristotle attempts several proofs of this law.

  9. Unmoved mover - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmoved_mover

    Nonetheless, it was a life which Aristotle enthusiastically endorsed as one most enviable and perfect, the unembellished basis of theology. As the whole of nature depends on the inspiration of the eternal unmoved movers, Aristotle was concerned with establishing the metaphysical necessity of the perpetual motions of the heavens.