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Saint Bernard refers primarily to Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153), a Christian saint, mystic, and reformer of the Cistercian order. Another prominent meaning is St. Bernard (dog) , a breed of dog.
Bernard of Clairvaux, O.Cist. (Latin: Bernardus Claraevallensis; 1090 – 20 August 1153), venerated as Saint Bernard, was an abbot, mystic, co-founder of the Knights Templar, [a] and a major leader in the reform of the Benedictines through the nascent Cistercian Order.
The St. Bernard or Saint Bernard (UK: / ˈ b ɜːr n ər d /, US: / b ər ˈ n ɑːr d /) is a breed of very large working dog from the Western Alps in Italy and Switzerland. [3] They were originally bred for rescue work by the hospice of the Great St Bernard Pass on the Italian-Swiss border.
St. Bernard had become mentor to popes and kings, and in 1145, King Louis VII's brother, Henry of France, entered Clairvaux. [54] That same year, Bernard saw one of his monks elected pope as Pope Eugene III. [55] Eugene was an Italian of humble background, who had first been drawn to monasticism at Clairvaux by the magnetism of Bernard.
The Vision of St Bernard, by Fra Bartolommeo, c. 1504 . Bernard of Clairvaux was one of the influential churchmen of his time. In the "Sermon on the Sunday in the Octave of the Assumption" he described Mary's participation in redemption. [11] Bernard's Praises on the Virgin Mother" was a small but complete treatise on Mariology. [12]
The Eight Verses of St. Bernard are excerpts from psalms which, when recited, were said to have saved souls and guaranteed a holy death. Popular in the Late Middle Ages, the origins of the devotion and details of wthe are unknown. Legends attribute the selection and propagation of the devotion to Bernard of Clairvaux. [1]
Bernard's devotion to Our Lady under the title Consolatrix Afflictorum (Comforter of the Afflicted) led him to promote recourse to her intercession among the poor and condemned prisoners. [5] According to the book Familiar Prayers: Their Origin and History written by Fr. Herbert Thurston S.J. in 1953:
For example, where some biblical phrase is re-purposed as part of a liturgy or theological work. Some scholars class quotes in the Gospels that some Old Testament prophesy was fulfilled as accommodation. [16] Accommodation was used by the Fathers of the Church and many of the sermons of St. Bernard are mosaics of scripture phrases.