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Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a standard measure of the volume of alcohol contained in a given volume of an alcoholic beverage, expressed as a volume percent. [1][2][3] It is defined as the number of millilitres (mL) of pure ethanol present in 100 mL (3.5 imp fl oz; 3.4 US fl oz) of solution at 20 °C (68 °F).
The US fluid ounce is based on the US gallon, which in turn is based on the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches that was used in the United Kingdom prior to 1824. With the adoption of the international inch, the US fluid ounce became 1⁄128 gal × 231 in 3 /gal × (2.54 cm/in) 3 = 29.5735295625 mL exactly, or about 4% larger than the imperial unit.
There is no international consensus on how much pure alcohol is contained in a standard drink; [2] values in different countries range from 8 to 20 grams (0.28 to 0.71 ounces). The example questionnaire form for the World Health Organization's Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) uses 10 g (0.35 oz), [ 3 ] and this definition has ...
Troy ounce is a traditional unit of gold weight. Troy weight is a system of units of mass that originated in 15th-century Kingdom of England [1] and is primarily used in the precious metals industry. The troy weight units are the grain, the pennyweight (24 grains), the troy ounce (20 pennyweights), and the troy pound (12 troy ounces).
Kinetic energy of a regulation (standard) baseball (5.1 oz / 145 g) [80] thrown at 93 mph / 150 km/h (MLB average pitch speed). [81] 1.5×10 2 - 3.6×10 2 J: Energy delivered by a biphasic external electric shock (defibrillation), usually during adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation for cardiac arrest. 3×10 2 J: Energy of a lethal dose of X-rays ...
The traditional Russian measurement system included two cup sizes, one of which, the "charka" (cup proper), was usually used for alcoholic drinks and measured 123 ml (4.2 US fl oz; 4.3 imp fl oz), while another, "stakan" ("glass") was twice as big at 246 ml (8.3 US fl oz; 8.7 imp fl oz) and used for other liquids.
As little as 10 mL of pure methanol when drunk is metabolized into formic acid, which can cause permanent blindness by destruction of the optic nerve. 15 mL is potentially fatal, [1] although the median lethal dose is typically 100 mL (3.4 fl oz) (i.e. 1–2 mL/kg body weight of pure methanol). [4] Reference dose for methanol is 0.5 mg/kg/day. [9]
Prevention. Low- sugar diet, tooth brushing, fluoride, flossing [2][5] Medication. Paracetamol (acetaminophen), ibuprofen [6] Frequency. 3.6 billion (2016) [7] Tooth decay, also known as cavities or caries, [a] is the breakdown of teeth due to acids produced by bacteria. [6] The cavities may be a number of different colors, from yellow to black ...