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The continent of Europe comprises a large part of the Palearctic ecozone, with many unique biomes and ecoregions. Biogeographically, Europe is tied closely to Siberia, commonly known as the Euro-Siberian region. The European Environmental Agency (EEA) divides Europe into a total of eleven terrestrial biogeographical regions and seven regional ...
Most conifers are monoecious, but some are subdioecious or dioecious; all are wind-pollinated. Conifer seeds develop inside a protective cone called a strobilus. The cones take from four months to three years to reach maturity, and vary in size from 2 to 600 millimetres (1 ⁄ 8 to 23 + 5 ⁄ 8 in) long.
Extent of Temperate coniferous forest. Temperate coniferous forest is a terrestrial biome defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature.Temperate coniferous forests are found predominantly in areas with warm summers and cool winters, and vary in their kinds of plant life.
Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests is an ecoregion, in the temperate coniferous forest biome, which occupies the high mountain ranges of North Africa. [2] The term is also a botanically recognized plant association in the African and Mediterranean literature. [3]
The Alps conifer and mixed forests is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion in central Europe. It extends along the Alps mountains through portions of France , Italy , Switzerland , Germany , Liechtenstein , Austria , and Slovenia .
The highest elevations (above 1,500 m) are covered with conifer forests, with a mixed broadleaf vegetation and occurring at lower elevations. The conifer zone is dominated by the Silver fir , norway spruce , serbian spruce , European black pine , mugo pine , and bosnian pine with an admixture of European beech .
The Central European Flora region stretches from Central France to Central Romania and Southern Scandinavia. [1] The lowlands of Central Europe contain the Central European mixed forests ecoregion, [2] while the mountains host the Alps conifer and mixed forests [3] and Carpathian montane conifer forests ecoregions. [4]
An evergreen forest is a forest made up of evergreen trees. They occur across a wide range of climatic zones, and include trees such as conifers and holly in cold climates, eucalyptus, live oak, acacias, magnolia, and banksia in more temperate zones, and rainforest trees in tropical zones.