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A plaque caused by asbestos exposure on the diaphragmatic pleura: Specialty: Pulmonology: Symptoms: Shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, chest pain [1] Complications: Lung cancer, mesothelioma, pleural fibrosis, pulmonary heart disease [1] [2] Usual onset ~10-40 years after long-term exposure [3] Causes: Asbestos [4] Diagnostic method
Asbestos-related diseases are disorders of the lung and pleura caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibres. Asbestos-related diseases include non-malignant disorders such as asbestosis (pulmonary fibrosis due to asbestos), diffuse pleural thickening, pleural plaques, pleural effusion, rounded atelectasis and malignancies such as lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma.
Pleural plaques are patchy collections of hyalinized collagen in the parietal pleura. [2] They have a holly leaf appearance on X-ray. [1] They are indicators of asbestos exposure, and the most common asbestos-induced lesion. [3] They usually appear after 20 years or more of exposure and never degenerate into mesothelioma.
Pleural contamination with asbestos or other mineral fibers has been shown to cause cancer. Long thin asbestos fibers (blue asbestos, amphibole fibers) are more potent carcinogens than "feathery fibers" (chrysotile or white asbestos fibers). [28] However, there is now evidence that smaller particles may be more dangerous than the larger fibers.
Asbestos exposure can also cause pleural effusion, diffuse pleural fibrosis, pleural plaques, and non-mesothelioma lung cancer. Smoking greatly increases the lung cancer risk of asbestos exposure. [3] Residents and workers of asbestos mining centers such as the town of Asbest, Russia experience dangerous exposure to asbestos and asbestos dust. [9]
Asbestos warning label. Figure A shows the location of the lungs, airways, pleura, and diaphragm in the body. Figure B shows lungs with asbestos-related diseases, including pleural plaque, lung cancer, asbestosis, plaque on the diaphragm, and mesothelioma. Left-sided mesothelioma (seen on the right of the picture): chest CT
The defining symptom of pleurisy is a sudden sharp, stabbing, burning or dull pain in the right or left side of the chest during breathing, especially when one inhales and exhales. [9] It feels worse with deep breathing, coughing, sneezing, or laughing. The pain may stay in one place, or it may spread to the shoulder or back. [10]
Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes J90-J94 within Chapter X: Diseases of the respiratory system should be included in this category. Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.