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The Bragg peak is a pronounced peak on the Bragg curve which plots the energy loss of ionizing radiation during its travel through matter. For protons , α-rays , and other ion rays , the peak occurs immediately before the particles come to rest.
Bragg curve of 5.49 MeV alpha particles in air. The force usually increases toward the end of range and reaches a maximum, the Bragg peak, shortly before the energy drops to zero. The curve that describes the force as function of the material depth is called the Bragg curve. This is of great practical importance for radiation therapy.
Bragg curve of 5.49 MeV alpha particles in air. This radiation is produced by the decay of radon (222 Rn); its range is 4.14 cm. Stopping power (which is essentially identical to LET) is plotted here versus path length; its peak is the "Bragg peak"
This equation, Bragg's law, describes the condition on θ for constructive interference. [12] A map of the intensities of the scattered waves as a function of their angle is called a diffraction pattern. Strong intensities known as Bragg peaks are obtained in the diffraction pattern when the scattering angles satisfy Bragg condition.
Usually, the energy loss per unit distance increases while the particle slows down. The curve describing this fact is called the Bragg curve. Shortly before the end, the energy loss passes through a maximum, the Bragg Peak, and then drops to zero (see the figures in Bragg Peak and in stopping power).
The dose increases while the particle penetrates the tissue, up to a maximum (the Bragg peak) that occurs near the end of the particle's range, and it then drops to (almost) zero. The advantage of this energy deposition profile is that less energy is deposited into the healthy tissue surrounding the target tissue.
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This has the consequence that for infinite crystals the structure factor still has delta-function Bragg peaks – the peak width still goes to zero as , with this kind of disorder. However, it does reduce the amplitude of the peaks, and due to the factor of q 2 {\displaystyle q^{2}} in the exponential factor, it reduces peaks at large q ...