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The rights and obligations of a vassal are called vassalage, while the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called suzerainty. The obligations of a vassal often included military support by knights in exchange for certain privileges, usually including land held as a tenant or fief . [ 3 ]
[1] [2] Where the subordinate party is called a vassal, vassal state, or tributary state, the dominant party is called a suzerain. The rights and obligations of a vassal are called vassalage, and the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called suzerainty .
John Doukas (1074) – Michael VII's uncle, he was sent to deal with the rebellion of some Norman mercenaries, but was defeated and captured. The Normans convinced him to become emperor, forcing Michael VII to appeal to the Seljuk Turks for aid. They defeated John Doukas and captured him.
[38] [39] Henry Yule highlights the fact that Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651), last ruler of the Sasanian Empire, sent diplomats to China for securing aid from Emperor Taizong (considered the suzerain over Ferghana in Central Asia) during the loss of the Persian heartland to the Islamic Rashidun Caliphate, which may have also prompted the ...
In November 2024, US envoy Amos Hochstein met with Lebanese and Israeli leaders to negotiate the ceasefire deal. In Lebanon, he met with Lebanese Speaker of the Parliament Nabih Berri, who had Hezbollah's support to negotiate. [9] On 20 November, Hezbollah Secretary-General Naim Qassem approved the deal. [10]
In this way, all individuals except the monarch did hold the land "of" someone else because legal ownership was with the (superior) monarch, also known as overlord or suzerain. [2] [3] Historically, it was usual for there to be reciprocal duties and rights between lord and tenant. There were different kinds of tenure to fit various kinds of need.
The Nine Fortresses were exchanged for Poju , a region the Jurchens later contested when Goryeo hesitated to recognize them as their suzerain. [18] Later, Wuyashu's younger brother Aguda founded the Jin dynasty (1115–1234). When the Jin was founded, the Jurchens called Goryeo their "parent country" or "father and mother" country.
Öktem Bey is martyred in the ensuing conflict. Aktemur, who has married Alcicek, becomes the Bey of the Kargin tribe. Osman complains about Sultan Alaeddin's cruelties to Alaeddin's suzerain, Ilkhan Ghazan, which results in Alaeddin's dethronement and Mesud being reinstated as Sultan. As a token of gratitude, Mesud vows to help Osman in his ...