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  2. Rotation matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix

    If we condense the skew entries into a vector, (x,y,z), then we produce a 90° rotation around the x-axis for (1, 0, 0), around the y-axis for (0, 1, 0), and around the z-axis for (0, 0, 1). The 180° rotations are just out of reach; for, in the limit as x → ∞ , ( x , 0, 0) does approach a 180° rotation around the x axis, and similarly for ...

  3. Fourth, fifth, and sixth derivatives of position - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth,_fifth,_and_sixth...

    When snap is constant, the jerk changes linearly, allowing for a smooth increase in radial acceleration, and when, as is preferred, the snap is zero, the change in radial acceleration is linear. The minimization or elimination of snap is commonly done using a mathematical clothoid function. Minimizing snap improves the performance of machine ...

  4. Rotation formalisms in three dimensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_formalisms_in...

    Rotation formalisms are focused on proper (orientation-preserving) motions of the Euclidean space with one fixed point, that a rotation refers to.Although physical motions with a fixed point are an important case (such as ones described in the center-of-mass frame, or motions of a joint), this approach creates a knowledge about all motions.

  5. Rotation (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_(mathematics)

    The rotation has two angles of rotation, one for each plane of rotation, through which points in the planes rotate. If these are ω 1 and ω 2 then all points not in the planes rotate through an angle between ω 1 and ω 2. Rotations in four dimensions about a fixed point have six degrees of freedom.

  6. Quaternions and spatial rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternions_and_spatial...

    The identity rotation is a point, and a small angle of rotation about some axis can be represented as a point on a sphere with a small radius. As the angle of rotation grows, the sphere grows, until the angle of rotation reaches 180 degrees, at which point the sphere begins to shrink, becoming a point as the angle approaches 360 degrees (or ...

  7. Euler angles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_angles

    They constitute a mixed axes of rotation system, where the first angle moves the line of nodes around the external axis z, the second rotates around the line of nodes N and the third one is an intrinsic rotation around Z, an axis fixed in the body that moves. The static definition implies that: α (precession) represents a rotation around the z ...

  8. Rotational symmetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotational_symmetry

    An object's degree of rotational symmetry is the number of distinct orientations in which it looks exactly the same for each rotation. Certain geometric objects are partially symmetrical when rotated at certain angles such as squares rotated 90°, however the only geometric objects that are fully rotationally symmetric at any angle are spheres ...

  9. Snap rounding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snap_rounding

    Snap rounding is a method of approximating line segment locations by creating a grid and placing each point in the centre of a cell (pixel) of the grid. The method preserves certain topological properties of the arrangement of line segments.