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The dissolution of Czechoslovakia (Czech: Rozdělení Československa, Slovak: Rozdelenie Československa), which took effect on December 31, 1992, was the self-determined secession of the federal republic of Czechoslovakia into the independent countries of the Czech Republic (also known as Czechia) and Slovakia.
Czechoslovakia [2] (/ ˌ tʃ ɛ k oʊ s l oʊ ˈ v æ k i. ə, ˈ tʃ ɛ k ə-,-s l ə-,-ˈ v ɑː-/ ⓘ CHEK-oh-sloh-VAK-ee-ə, CHEK-ə-, -slə-, - VAH-; [3] [4] Czech and Slovak: Československo, Česko-Slovensko) [5] [6] was a landlocked country in Central Europe, [7] created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary.
Cabada, Ladislav, and Sarka Waisova, Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic in World Politics (Lexington Books; 2012), foreign policy 1918 to 2010; Felak, James Ramon. At the price of the Republic: Hlinka's Slovak People's Party, 1929–1938 (U of Pittsburgh Press, 1995). Korbel, Josef. Twentieth Century Czechoslovakia: The Meaning of its ...
Czechoslovakia had fielded a modern army of 35 divisions and was a major manufacturer of machine guns, tanks, and artillery, most of them assembled in the Škoda factory in Plzeň. Many Czech factories continued to produce Czech designs until converted to German designs. Czechoslovakia also had other major manufacturing companies.
Czechoslovakia dissolved in 1993, peacefully splitting Czechoslovakia into the states of Czech Republic and Slovakia. The two countries established diplomatic relations on January 1, 1993. These international relations are usually referred to or described as "Extremely good", "cordial", and "above standard" in the media.
In 2018 Slovakia was the 4th Czech trading partner (6.3%), [99] while the Czech Republic was the Slovak 2nd partner (11.5%). [100] There is an increasing number of Slovaks migrating to Czechia; currently it stands at around 215,000, [ 101 ] which in percentage terms is more than in the interwar period and less than in the Communist Czechoslovakia .
The Czech leader Masaryk was a keen advocate of Czech-Slovak cooperation. Some of his students formed the Czechoslovak Union and in 1898 published the journal Hlas ("The Voice"). In Slovakia, young Slovak intellectuals began to challenge the old Slovak National Party. But although the Czech and Slovak national movements began drawing closer ...
After the Velvet Revolution in late-1989, Czechoslovakia adopted the official short-lived country name Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (Czech: Česká a Slovenská Federativní Republika, Slovak: Česká a Slovenská Federatívna Republika; ČSFR) during the period from 23 April 1990 until 31 December 1992, after which the country was peacefully dissolved into the Czech Republic and the ...