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The odor detection threshold for phosgene is 0.4 ppm, four times the threshold limit value (time weighted average). Its high toxicity arises from the action of the phosgene on the −OH , −NH 2 and −SH groups of the proteins in pulmonary alveoli (the site of gas exchange), respectively forming ester, amide and thioester functional groups in ...
Although the term "trophic index" is commonly applied to lakes, any surface water body may be indexed. The TSI of a water body is rated on a scale from zero to one hundred. [1] Under the TSI scale, water bodies may be defined as: [1] oligotrophic (TSI 0–40, having the least amount of biological productivity, "good" water quality);
The first model to use this approach was the Bernal–Fowler model published in 1933, [21] which may also be the earliest water model. However, the BF model doesn't reproduce well the bulk properties of water, such as density and heat of vaporization , and is thus of historical interest only.
Typically, CSCl 2 is prepared in a two-step process from carbon disulfide.In the first step, carbon disulfide is chlorinated to give trichloromethanesulfenyl chloride (CCl 3 SCl), a rare sulfenyl chloride:
3D model . Interactive image ... Solubility in water. 170 mg/L Vapor pressure: 285 mmHg ... like most chlorofluoroalkanes, forms phosgene gas when exposed to a naked ...
Despite these outlooks, water temperatures in parts of the Pacific have not reached the threshold required for La Niña, even though atmospheric conditions are showing characteristics typical of ...
An hydrological transport model is a mathematical model used to simulate the flow of rivers, streams, groundwater movement or drainage front displacement, and calculate water quality parameters. These models generally came into use in the 1960s and 1970s when demand for numerical forecasting of water quality and drainage was driven by ...
Freezer Storage Tips. Since it extends the life of perishable items by weeks to months, “freezer storage is an amazing way to reduce food waste,” explains Gangeri.