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  2. Symbiotic bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiotic_bacteria

    Most bacteria in the human body are actually good for us and help with carrying out necessary life processes. Gut bacteria in humans often aid in the breakdown of foods and synthesize important vitamins that could not be processed by humans alone. [16] Therefore, humans must be careful when taking antibiotics when they are sick. Antibiotics do ...

  3. Symbiogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiogenesis

    Among the many lines of evidence supporting symbiogenesis are that mitochondria and plastids contain their own chromosomes and reproduce by splitting in two, parallel but separate from the sexual reproduction of the rest of the cell; that the chromosomes of some mitochondria and plastids are single circular DNA molecules similar to the circular ...

  4. Endogenosymbiosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endogenosymbiosis

    Endogenosymbiosis is an evolutionary process, proposed by the evolutionary and environmental biologist Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, in which "gene carriers" (viruses, retroviruses and bacteriophages) and symbiotic prokaryotic cells (bacteria or archaea) could share parts or all of their genomes in an endogenous symbiotic relationship with their hosts.

  5. Endosymbiont - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endosymbiont

    The Rhizobia-Legume symbiosis (bacteria-plant endosymbiosis) is a prime example of this modality. [21] The Rhizobia-legume symbiotic relationship is important for processes such as the formation of root nodules. It starts with flavonoids released by the legume host, which causes the rhizobia species (endosymbiont) to activate its Nod genes. [21]

  6. Microbial ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_ecology

    Symbiosis is a close, long term relationship between organisms of different species. Symbiosis can be ectosymbiosis (one organism lives on the surface of other organism) or endosymbiosis (one organism lives inside other organism). [41] Symbiotic relationship can also exist between microorganism that live closely together in a given environment ...

  7. Microorganism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism

    They evolved from symbiotic bacteria and retain a remnant genome. [59] Like bacteria, plant cells have cell walls, and contain organelles such as chloroplasts in addition to the organelles in other eukaryotes. Chloroplasts produce energy from light by photosynthesis, and were also originally symbiotic bacteria. [59]

  8. Hologenome theory of evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hologenome_theory_of_evolution

    Corals also have a sexual mode of reproduction, resulting in planktonic larva; it is less clear whether microbial associations persist through this stage of growth. Also, the bacterial community of a colony may change with the seasons. [23] Many insects maintain heritable obligate symbiosis relationships with bacterial partners.

  9. Bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria

    Bacterial infections may be treated with antibiotics, which are classified as bacteriocidal if they kill bacteria or bacteriostatic if they just prevent bacterial growth. There are many types of antibiotics, and each class inhibits a process that is different in the pathogen from that found in the host.