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The inner mitochondrial membrane is both an electrical insulator and chemical barrier. Sophisticated ion transporters exist to allow specific molecules to cross this barrier. There are several antiport systems embedded in the inner membrane, allowing exchange of anions between the cytosol and the mitochondrial matrix. [7]
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim9 B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FXC1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] FXC1, or TIMM10B, belongs to a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins that are organized in heterooligomeric complexes in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
IMMT encodes an inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) protein in the nucleus. It is posttranslational transported to the IMM. It is posttranslational transported to the IMM. Mic60/Mitofilin (encoded by the IMMT gene) is a core subunit of the MICOS-complex, directly located next to cristae junctions (CJ).
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TIMM9 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] TIMM9 belongs to a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins that are organized in heterooligomeric complexes in the mitochondrial intermembrane space .
In the mitochondrion, the matrix is the space within the inner membrane. The word "matrix" stems from the fact that this space is viscous, compared to the relatively aqueous cytoplasm. The mitochondrial matrix contains the mitochondrial DNA, ribosomes, soluble enzymes, small organic molecules, nucleotide cofactors, and inorganic ions. [1]
Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, which comprises the proton channel.
Tim9 and Tim10 make up the group of essential small Tim proteins that assist in transport of hydrophobic precursors across the intermembrane space in mammalian cells. Both Tim9 and Tim10 form a hexamer, the Tim9-Tim10 complex, that when associated, functions as a chaperone to assist translocation of preproteins from the outer mitochondrial membrane to the translocase of the inner membrane.
The TIMM50 gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 19 in position 13.2 and spans 13,373 base pairs. [6] The gene produces a 39.6 kDa protein composed of 353 amino acids. [10] [11] This gene encodes a subunit of the TIM23 inner mitochondrial membrane translocase complex, which mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane.