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The formatting placeholders in scanf are more or less the same as that in printf, its reverse function.As in printf, the POSIX extension n$ is defined. [2]There are rarely constants (i.e., characters that are not formatting placeholders) in a format string, mainly because a program is usually not designed to read known data, although scanf does accept these if explicitly specified.
Python uses sys.argv, e.g.: import sys for arg in sys . argv : print arg Python also has a module called argparse in the standard library for parsing command-line arguments.
Class-based object-oriented programming languages support objects defined by their class. Class definitions include member data. Message passing is a key concept, if not the main concept, in object-oriented languages. Polymorphic functions parameterized by the class of some of their arguments are typically called methods.
C++11 extended this further, to make classes act identically to POD objects in many more cases. ^c pair only ^d Although Perl doesn't have records, because Perl's type system allows different data types to be in an array, "hashes" (associative arrays) that don't have a variable index would effectively be the same as records.
For function that manipulate strings, modern object-oriented languages, like C# and Java have immutable strings and return a copy (in newly allocated dynamic memory), while others, like C manipulate the original string unless the programmer copies data to a new string.
More generally, Python 2.x specifies the built-in file objects as being “implemented using C's stdio package," [48] and frequent reference is made to C standard library behaviors; the available operations (open, read, write, etc.) are expected to have the same behavior as the corresponding C functions (fopen, fread, fwrite, etc.).
The <inttypes.h> header (cinttypes in C++) provides features that enhance the functionality of the types defined in the <stdint.h> header. It defines macros for printf format string and scanf format string specifiers corresponding to the types defined in <stdint.h> and several functions for working with the intmax_t and uintmax_t types.
The C++ Standard Library provides several generic containers, functions to use and manipulate these containers, function objects, generic strings and streams (including interactive and file I/O), support for some language features, and functions for common tasks such as finding the square root of a number.