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  2. Transcription (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(biology)

    Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA for the purpose of gene expression. Some segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins, called messenger RNA (mRNA). Other segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).

  3. Transcriptome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcriptome

    Transcription can also be studied at the level of individual cells by single-cell transcriptomics. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a recently developed technique that allows the analysis of the transcriptome of single cells, including bacteria . [ 25 ]

  4. Eukaryotic transcription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_transcription

    Eukaryotic Transcription. Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of transportable complementary RNA replica. [1] Gene transcription occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Unlike prokaryotic RNA polymerase that initiates the transcription of all ...

  5. Transcription factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_factor

    Illustration of an activator. In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence.

  6. General transcription factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_transcription_factor

    The transcription preinitiation complex is a large complex of proteins that is necessary for the transcription of protein-coding genes in eukaryotes and archaea. It attaches to the promoter of the DNA (e.i., TATA box) and helps position the RNA polymerase II to the gene transcription start sites, denatures the DNA, and then starts transcription.

  7. Silencer (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silencer_(genetics)

    A silencer is a sequence-specific element that induces a negative effect on the transcription of its particular gene. There are many positions in which a silencer element can be located in DNA. The most common position is found upstream of the target gene where it can help repress the transcription of the gene. [4]

  8. Transcription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription

    Transcription (biology), the copying of DNA into RNA, often the first step in gene expression Abortive transcription, the generation of very short RNA transcripts which are not used and rapidly degraded; Bacterial transcription, the generation of RNA transcripts of the genetic material in bacteria

  9. Transcription-translation coupling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription-translation...

    Translation promotes transcription elongation and regulates transcription termination. Functional coupling between transcription and translation is caused by direct physical interactions between the ribosome and RNA polymerase ("expressome complex"), ribosome-dependent changes to nascent mRNA secondary structure which affect RNA polymerase activity (e.g. "attenuation"), and ribosome-dependent ...