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A growing network of fishpond practitioners and organizations from across ka paeʻāina o Hawaiʻi (the Hawaiian archipelago) are restoring the region's traditional aquaculture ponds. Once, nearly 500 fishponds provided local Hawaiian communities with aquacultured seafood.
Traditional Hawaiian fishponds were engineered to feed entire communities. At its peak, He‘eia fishpond produced 150 to 300 pounds of fish per acre each year, says Kotubetey– nearly 10 tons...
Hawaiian fishponds were typically shallow areas of a reef flat surrounded by a low lava rock wall (loko kuapa) built out from the shore. Several species of edible fish (such as mullet) thrive in such ponds, and Hawaiians developed methods to make them easy to catch.
Hawaiian fishponds are unique and advanced forms of aquaculture found nowhere else in the world. The techniques of herding or trapping adult fish with rocks in shallow tidal areas is found elsewhere in the world but the loko iʻa kuapā or walled coastal ponds are unique to Hawaiʻi.
Heʻeia Fishpond (Hawaiian: Loko Iʻa O Heʻeia) is an ancient Hawaiian fishpond located at Heʻeia on the island of Oahu in Hawaii. A walled coastal pond (loko iʻa kuapā), it is the only Hawaiian fishpond fully encircled by a wall (kuapā).
Loko i‘a, Hawaiian fishponds, are unique aquaculture systems that exist throughout Hawai‘i, and continue to feed and connect communities around the islands. The Hui Mālama Loko Iʻa (Hui) is a growing network of fishpond practitioners and organizations from across ka paeʻāina o Hawaiʻi (the Hawaiian archipelago).
Grassroots efforts to restore Hawaiian fishponds across the state will soon benefit from high-tech sensor technology intended to make them more resilient to climate change.
According to Hawaiian moʻolelo (oral traditions), Kūʻula built the first Hawaiian fishpond, or loko iʻa, on the island of Maui. Kūʻula was a fisherman of rare skill who is described as having supernatural powers for directing and controlling fish.
The shores of Pearl Harbor were once dotted with twenty-two enclosed fishponds that were used by Native Hawaiians to farm fish. Of the twenty-two, only three remain relatively intact. The most accessible of these is Loko Pa’aiau, located adjacent to the McGrew Point Navy housing area.
Step one in the restoration process at He’eia Fishpond is removal of the introduced and invasive mangrove. Several species of mangrove exist in Hawai`i but the most prevalent on our kuapā is Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) which grows in thick forests with tangles of aerial roots.