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This is a glossary of words related to the Mafia, primarily the Italian American Mafia and Sicilian Mafia. administration: the top-level "management" of an organized crime family -- the boss, underboss and consigliere. [ 1 ] associate: one who works with mobsters, but has not been asked to take the vow of Omertà; an almost confirmed, or made guy.
Organized crime is a category of transnational, national, or local group of centralized enterprises run to engage in illegal activity, most commonly for profit. While organized crime is generally thought of as a form of illegal business, some criminal organizations, such as terrorist groups, rebel forces, and separatists, are politically motivated.
Inversion of control. In software engineering (programming), inversion of control is (IoC) is a design principle in which custom-written portions of a computer program receive the flow of control from an external source (e.g. a framework). The term "inversion" is historical: a software architecture with this design "inverts" control as compared ...
The Turing test, originally called the imitation game by Alan Turing in 1949, [2] is a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behaviour equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human. Turing proposed that a human evaluator would judge natural language conversations between a human and a machine designed to generate human ...
An exploit is a method or piece of code that takes advantage of vulnerabilities in software, applications, networks, operating systems, or hardware, typically for malicious purposes. The term "exploit" derives from the English verb "to exploit," meaning "to use something to one’s own advantage." Exploits are designed to identify flaws, bypass ...
Software consists of computer programs that instruct the execution of a computer. [ 1 ] Software can be defined broadly to include design documents, specifications, and testing suites. [ 2 ] The history of software is closely tied to the development of digital computers in the mid-20th century.
Artificial intelligence (AI), in its broadest sense, is intelligence exhibited by machines, particularly computer systems.It is a field of research in computer science that develops and studies methods and software that enable machines to perceive their environment and use learning and intelligence to take actions that maximize their chances of achieving defined goals. [1]
Scope (computer science) Appearance. In computer programming, the scope of a name binding (an association of a name to an entity, such as a variable) is the part of a program where the name binding is valid; that is, where the name can be used to refer to the entity. In other parts of the program, the name may refer to a different entity (it ...