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In Windows NT operating systems, the System Idle Process contains one or more kernel threads which run when no other runnable thread can be scheduled on a CPU. In a multiprocessor system, there is one idle thread associated with each CPU core. For a system with hyperthreading enabled, there is an idle thread for each logical processor.
On system with BIOS firmware, the BIOS invokes MBR boot code from a hard disk drive at startup. The MBR boot code and the VBR boot code are OS-specific. In Microsoft Windows, the MBR boot code tries to find an active partition (the MBR is only 512 bytes), then executes the VBR boot code of an active partition.
In Windows NT, the booting process is initiated by NTLDR in versions before Vista and the Windows Boot Manager (BOOTMGR) in Vista and later. [4] The boot loader is responsible for accessing the file system on the boot drive, starting ntoskrnl.exe, and loading boot-time device drivers into memory.
Before Windows 7, the system and boot partitions were, by default, the same and were given the "C:" drive letter. [7]: 971 Since Windows 7, however, Windows Setup creates, by default, a separate system partition that is not given an identifier and therefore is hidden. The boot partition is still given "C:" as its identifier.
The SCM executable, Services.exe, runs as a Windows console program and is launched by the Wininit process early during the system startup. [2] Its main function, SvcCtrlMain(), launches all the services configured for automatic startup. First an internal database of installed services is initialized by reading the following two registry keys:
In comparison, when the user session is closed, the hibernation data is much smaller and therefore takes less time to write to disk and resume. Users have the option of performing a traditional shutdown by holding down the Shift key while clicking Shut Down [21] and it is also possible to shut down a computer in the traditional way by disabling ...
When debugging a concurrent and distributed system of systems, a bootloop (also written boot loop or boot-loop) is a diagnostic condition of an erroneous state that occurs on computing devices; when those devices repeatedly fail to complete the booting process and restart before a boot sequence is finished, a restart might prevent a user from ...
Windows XP shutdown dialog box Windows 11 power menu, opened from the Start menu To shut down or power off a computer is to remove power from a computer's main components in a controlled way. After a computer is shut down, main components such as CPUs , RAM modules and hard disk drives are powered down, although some internal components, such ...