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Many memory consoles have a bank of faders. These faders can be programmed to control a single channel (a channel is a lighting designer's numerical name for a dimmer or group of dimmers) or a group of channels (known as a ""submaster""). The console may also have provision to operate in analog to a manual desk for programming scenes or live ...
This circuit is called a leading-edge dimmer or forward phase dimming. Waveform of the output voltage of a thyristor dimmer set for 60 volts RMS output, with 120 V input. The red trace shows the output device switching on about 5.5 ms after the input (blue) voltage crosses zero.
The switch is controlled by a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal, which alternately turns the switch on and off at a rapid rate. The relative proportion of off time vs. on time determines brightness. For example, if the switch is off 10% of the time, the resulting control signal would be the equivalent of 1 V produced with a variable resistor.
Remote Device Management (RDM) is an addition to the DMX512 control protocol for stage lighting equipment, introduced in 2006. DMX512 was developed in the late 1980s as a standard protocol for lighting consoles to communicate with dimmers, but has since been used for more complex applications, including the control of intelligent lighting fixtures.
An optical switch enables signals in optical fibers or integrated optical circuits to be switched selectively between circuits. An optical switch can operate by mechanical means or by electro-optic effects, magneto-optic effects, and other methods.
In the circuit on the figure, a non-linearized VCR design, the voltage-controlled resistor, the LSK489C JFET, is used as a programmable voltage divider. The VGS supply sets the level of the output resistance of the JFET. The drain-to-source resistance of the JFET (R DS) and the drain resistor (R 1) form the voltage-divider network. The output ...
A Single-Pole, Single-Throw (SPST) mercury switch on millimetre graph paper, device length approximately 1.5 cm Another mercury switch design. A mercury switch is an electrical switch that opens and closes a circuit when a small amount of the liquid metal mercury connects metal electrodes to close the circuit. There are several different basic ...
Schematic diagram of an opto-isolator showing source of light (LED) on the left, dielectric barrier in the center, and sensor (phototransistor) on the right [note 1]. An opto-isolator (also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator) is an electronic component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. [1]