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The flexor pollicis longus (/ ˈ f l ɛ k s ər ˈ p ɒ l ɪ s ɪ s ˈ l ɒ ŋ ɡ ə s /; FPL, Latin flexor, bender; pollicis, of the thumb; longus, long) is a muscle in the forearm and hand that flexes the thumb. It lies in the same plane as the flexor digitorum profundus. This muscle is unique to humans, being either rudimentary or absent in ...
The muscles of the thumb are nine skeletal muscles located in the hand and forearm. The muscles allow for flexion , extension , adduction , abduction and opposition of the thumb . The muscles acting on the thumb can be divided into two groups: The extrinsic hand muscles, with their muscle bellies located in the forearm, and the intrinsic hand ...
This muscle is the most superficial of the thenar group. Flexor pollicis brevis , which lies next to the abductor, will flex the thumb, curling it up in the palm. (The flexor pollicis longus , which is inserted into the distal phalanx of the thumb, is not considered part of the thenar eminence.)
The muscle's superficial head arises from the distal edge of the flexor retinaculum and the tubercle of the trapezium, the most lateral bone in the distal row of carpal bones. [1] It passes along the radial side of the tendon of the flexor pollicis longus. The deeper (and medial) head "varies in size and may be absent."
In anatomy, flexor is a muscle that contracts to perform flexion (from the Latin verb flectere, to bend), [1] a movement that decreases the angle between the bones converging at a joint. For example, one's elbow joint flexes when one brings their hand closer to the shoulder , thus decreasing the angle between the upper arm and the forearm .
The muscles of the hand are the skeletal muscles responsible for the movement of the hand and fingers. The muscles of the hand can be subdivided into two groups: the extrinsic and intrinsic muscle groups. The extrinsic muscle groups are the long flexors and extensors. They are called extrinsic because the muscle belly is located on the forearm ...
It is considered an extrinsic hand muscle because it acts on the hand while its muscle belly is located in the forearm. Together the flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, and flexor digitorum profundus form the deep layer of ventral forearm muscles. [2] The muscle is named from Latin 'deep bender of the fingers'.
An accessory abductor pollicis longus (AAPL) tendon is present in more than 80% of people, and a separate muscle belly is present in 20% of people. In one study, the accessory tendon was inserted into the trapezium (41%); proximally on the abductor pollicis brevis (22%) and opponens pollicis brevis (5%); had a double insertion on the trapezium and thenar muscles (15%); or the base of the first ...