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Mariner 1, built to conduct the first American planetary flyby of Venus, was the first spacecraft of NASA's interplanetary Mariner program.Developed by Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and originally planned to be a purpose-built probe launched summer 1962, Mariner 1's design was changed when the Centaur proved unavailable at that early date.
Launch of Mariner 1 in 1962. The Mariner program was conducted by the American space agency NASA to explore other planets.Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the inner Solar System – visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for ...
Mariner 1 (P-37) 22 July 1962: NASA United States: Flyby Launch failure Failed to orbit Earth; destroyed by range safety following guidance failure [10] Atlas-LV3 Agena-B: 2MV-1 No.1: 25 August 1962: OKB-1 Soviet Union: Lander Launch failure Premature upper stage cutoff due to ullage motor malfunction; never left LEO [10] Molniya: Mariner 2 (P ...
Mariner 1 and Mariner 2 were twins, launched on July 22 and August 27, 1962, to fly by the planet Venus. The first two craft used the same spacecraft bus as the Block I Rangers, each weighing 446 pounds (202 kg) and instrumented to perform radiometric temperature measurements of the planet, and to measure interplanetary magnetic fields and ...
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A 41 Sqn RAAF Mariner in 1944 A 524 Sqn RAF Mariner I at Oban, Scotland (UK), in October 1943. A U.S. Coast Guard PBM takes off from the water assisted by RATO. Martin PBM Mariner in US service in 1942 Argentina. Argentine Navy purchased nine PBMs during the 1950s for the Argentine Naval Aviation, retiring its last Mariner in May 1962. [27 ...
Mariner 9 (Mariner Mars '71 / Mariner-I) was a robotic spacecraft that contributed greatly to the exploration of Mars and was part of the NASA Mariner program.Mariner 9 was launched toward Mars on May 30, 1971, [2] [3] from LC-36B at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, and reached the planet on November 14 of the same year, [2] [3] becoming the first spacecraft to orbit another planet ...
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