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Klein's line or the line of Klein is a virtual line that can be drawn on an X-ray of an adolescent's hip parallel to the anatomically upper edge of the femoral neck.It was the first tool to aid in the early diagnosis of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), which if treated late or left untreated leads to crippling arthritis, leg length discrepancy and lost range of motion.
Trethowan's sign is when Klein's line does not intersect the lateral part of the superior femoral epiphysis on an AP radiograph of the pelvis. [1] Clinical use
Blumensaat's line; Bohler's angle; Cobb angle; Fairbank's changes; Gilula's Lines; Harris lines; Hilgenreiner's line; Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale; Klein's line; Loosers zone; Pauwel's angle; Perkin's line; Shenton's Line; Southwick angle; Thurstan Holland sign; Trethowan's sign; Terry Thomas sign
The hip flexors bend the hip joint toward the hip flexion. The hip extensors stretch the hip joint in the direction of the hip extension and, at the same time, extend the knee in the direction of the knee extension. According to Vladimir Janda, a muscle function test is carried out to determine strength levels. [18]
The diagnosis is a combination of clinical suspicion plus radiological investigation. Children with a SCFE experience a decrease in their range of motion, and are often unable to complete hip flexion or fully rotate the hip inward. [10] 20–50% of SCFE are missed or misdiagnosed on their first presentation to a medical facility.
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