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Telmisartan works by blocking the effects of angiotensin II while hydrochlorothiazide works by decreasing the kidneys' ability to retain water. [2] The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in November 2000, [6] [7] and in the European Union in April 2002.
Telmisartan, sold under the brand name Micardis among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. [3] [6] It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. [6] It is taken by mouth. [6] Common side effects include upper respiratory tract infections, diarrhea, and back pain. [6]
Antibiotics with less reliable but occasional (depending on isolate and subspecies) activity: occasionally penicillins including penicillin, ampicillin and ampicillin-sulbactam, amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulnate, and piperacillin-tazobactam (not all vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolates are resistant to penicillin and ampicillin)
Losartan, the first ARB. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), formally angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT 1) antagonists, [1] also known as angiotensin receptor blockers, [2] [3] angiotensin II receptor antagonists, or AT 1 receptor antagonists, are a group of pharmaceuticals that bind to and inhibit the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT 1) and thereby block the arteriolar contraction and ...
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics have low propensity to induce bacterial resistance and are less likely to disrupt the microbiome (normal microflora). [3] On the other hand, indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may not only induce the development of bacterial resistance and promote the emergency of multidrug-resistant organisms, but also cause off-target effects due to dysbiosis.
Telmisartan works by blocking the effects of angiotensin II while amlodipine works by decreasing calcium ion entry into smooth muscle and heart muscle. [2] The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 2009. [2] The combination is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Monobactam antibiotics exhibit no IgE cross-reactivity reactions with penicillin but have shown some cross reactivity with cephalosporins, most notably ceftazidime, which contains an identical side chain as aztreonam. [9] Monobactams can trigger seizures in patients with history of seizures, although the risk is lower than with penicillins.
Lantibiotics are a class of polycyclic peptide antibiotics that contain the characteristic thioether amino acids lanthionine or methyllanthionine, as well as the unsaturated amino acids dehydroalanine, and 2-aminoisobutyric acid. They belong to ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides.